A beginner’s guide: Understanding C, C + + & Java for dummies
By Manjunath. R

A Book For All Programmers  
(Start programming in C, C++ & Java – no experience required…)

Excerpt:

This Book is designed for all C, C++ & Java beginners and is also for those who want to interact with the hardware in a more powerful way and this book excepts no formal education in programming and it is written in an easy, reveting and readable style ideally suited for self-study. Of course those who have already familiar with programming are likely to derive more benefits from this book. It does assume, however, a reader able to create at least a simple program. This book introduces you to the fundamental concepts of computer programming using C, C++ & Java languages. If you are just learning C, C++ & Java programs, this book will make an excellent companion to any C, C++ & Java tutorial and serve as a source of knowle...
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A Book For All Programmers  
(Start programming in C, C++ & Java – no experience required…)

Excerpt:

This Book is designed for all C, C++ & Java beginners and is also for those who want to interact with the hardware in a more powerful way and this book excepts no formal education in programming and it is written in an easy, reveting and readable style ideally suited for self-study. Of course those who have already familiar with programming are likely to derive more benefits from this book. It does assume, however, a reader able to create at least a simple program. This book introduces you to the fundamental concepts of computer programming using C, C++ & Java languages. If you are just learning C, C++ & Java programs, this book will make an excellent companion to any C, C++ & Java tutorial and serve as a source of knowledge to your specific questions. And, by reading this book, you’ll have a broad, basic knowledge of C, C++ & Java languages. This book is for all programmers, whether you are a novice or an experienced pro. The beginner will find its carefully paced discussions and many examples especially helpful.

“What Will Understanding C, C++ & Java Do for Me?”

C, C++ & Java programs are commonly referred to as software and this software is essential to a fast and obedient, smart processing unit called computer because it controls everything the computer does (i.e., performance of a suite of computer operations and storage of the results in its memory can be manipulated by using a programming language such as C, C++ & Java).

Operating system:
A well-defined set of instructions in the form of statements that is installed into the computer which provide instructions for computer how to operate (i.e., how to receive the raw data through input devices (like key board, mouse etc.), process the input data through processing device called CPU (Central Processing Unit) and store the processed data (in information storage devices like hard disks) and display the processed data through output devices (like monitor, printer etc.)). A well-defined instruction is called a code and a well-defined set of instructions constitute a program (i.e., compilation of codes gives a program). For example: word is a code and a paragraph is a program (i.e., compilation of words gives a paragraph).

Examples of Operating system (a well-defined set of instructions that is installed into the computer which provide instructions for computer how to operate) are:  DOS ( Disk operating system developed by Bill Gates and Paul Allen in 1980 for IBM PCs), Linux (operating system developed by Linus Torvalds at the University of Helsinki with the assistance of developers around the world), Windows NT, 95 & 2000 (developed by Microsoft corporation for PC), UNIX (developed by AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey) etc.

Drivers:
A well-defined set of instructions (what we call programs or software) that is installed into computer and stored in the form of files in the computer that allows the computer to communicate with its hardware components (i.e., hardware components like mouse, key board, printer etc.). Without drivers, the computer cannot communicate with its hardware components – as a result a mouse, keyboard, or a printer won’t work properly.

Server:
If we type a request (a request to search information about computer) in the search engine websites (like Google or Firefox) in the web browser ‒ the request is sent from the browser to the server ‒ a system that acts like a data center from where the required information is taken and sent to the browser and is displayed in the web browser. Examples of server are: IIS (Internet Information server LATTER NAMED Internet Information service) ‒ a web server developed by Microsoft corporation, Apache HTTP (HTTP mean Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) ‒ a web server developed by Robert McCool at the national center for supercomputing applications (university of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign) – to provide web hosting service.